查看“USB 无线网卡测试”的源代码

目前测试过的能用的 USB 无线网卡如下所示，其他型号的 USB 无线网卡请自行测试，如果无法使用就需要移植对应的 USB 无线网卡驱动<br>
{| class="wikitable"  style="width:800px;"
|-
| 序号 || 型号 ||  
|-
| 1 || RTL8723BU <br>支持 2.4G WIFI+BT4.0 || [[Image:Pi-5-details-pic126.png]]
|-
| 2 || RTL8811 <br>支持 2.4G +5G WIFI || [[Image:Pi-5-details-pic127.png]]
|-
| 3 || RTL8821CU <br>支持 2.4G +5G WIFI <br>支持 BT 4.2 || [[Image:Pi-5-details-pic128.png]]
|}
'''1、RTL8723BU 测试'''<br><br>
1) 首先将 RTL8723BU 无线网卡模块插入开发板的 USB 接口中<br><br>
2) 然后linux 系统会自动加载RTL8723BU 蓝牙和WIFI 相关的内核模块，通过 lsmod 命令可以看到下面内核模块已自动加载<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''lsmod'''<br>
<span style="margin-right: 150px;">Module</span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">Size </span><span style="margin-right: 45px;">Used by </span><br>
<span style="margin-right: 145px;">rfcomm </span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">57344 </span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">16</span><br>
<span style="margin-right: 140px;">rtl8xxxu </span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">106496</span><span style="margin-right: 30px;">0</span><br>
<span style="margin-right: 135px;">rtk_btusb </span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">61440 </span><span style="margin-right: 30px;">0</span><br>
|}
3) 通过 dmesg 命令可以看到 RTL8723BU 模块的加载信息<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''dmesg'''<br>
......<br>
[  83.438901] usb 2-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-platform <br>
[  83.588375] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=b720, <br>
bcdDevice= 2.00 <br>
[  83.588403] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 <br>
[  83.588422] usb 2-1: Product: 802.11n WLAN Adapter <br>
[  83.588443] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Realtek <br>
[  83.588460] usb 2-1: SerialNumber: 00e04c000001 <br>
[  83.601974] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: examining hci_ver=06 hci_rev=000b lmp_ver=06 <br>
lmp_subver=8723 <br>
[  83.603894] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: rom_version status=0 version=1 <br>
[  83.603920] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: loading rtl_bt/rtl8723b_fw.bin <br>
[  83.610108] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: loading rtl_bt/rtl8723b_config.bin <br>
[  83.611274] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: cfg_sz 68, total sz 22564 <br>
[  83.658494] rtk_btusb:  Realtek  Bluetooth  USB  driver  ver <br>
3.1.6d45ddf.20220519-142432<br>
[  83.658651] usbcore: registered new interface driver rtk_btusb <br>
[  83.667124] usb 2-1: This Realtek USB WiFi dongle (0x0bda:0xb720) is untested! <br>
[  83.667137] usb 2-1: Please report results to Jes.Sorensen@gmail.com <br>
[  83.890140] usb 2-1: Vendor: Realtek <br>
[  83.890153] usb 2-1: Product: 802.11n WLAN Adapter <br>
[  83.890159] usb 2-1: rtl8723bu_parse_efuse: dumping efuse (0x200 bytes): <br>
...... <br>
[  83.890412] usb 2-1: RTL8723BU rev E (SMIC) 1T1R, TX queues 3, WiFi=1, BT=1, <br>
GPS=0, HI PA=0 <br>
[  83.890417] usb 2-1: RTL8723BU MAC: 00:13:ef:f4:58:ae <br>
[  83.890421] usb 2-1: rtl8xxxu: Loading firmware rtlwifi/rtl8723bu_nic.bin <br>
[  83.895289] usb 2-1: Firmware revision 35.0 (signature 0x5301)<br> 
[  84.050893] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: fw version 0x0e2f9f73 <br>
[  84.266905] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized <br>
[  84.266949] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized <br>
[  84.266999] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11 <br>
[  84.884270] usbcore: registered new interface driver rtl8xxxu <br>
[  84.912046] rtl8xxxu 2-1:1.2 wlx0013eff458ae: renamed from wlan0<br>
|}
4) 然后通过 '''sudo ifconfig''' 命令可以看到 RTL8723BU WIFI 的设备节点，WIFI 的连接和测试方法请参看 <span style="color:#0066CC;">[[WIFI 连接测试 | WIFI 连接测试]]</span>一节，这里不再赘述<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''sudo ifconfig wlx0013eff458ae'''<br>
wlx0013eff458ae: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>	mtu 1500<br>
:ether 00:13:ef:f4:58:ae	txqueuelen 1000	(Ethernet) RX packets 0	bytes 0 (0.0 B)<br>
:RX errors 0	dropped 0	overruns 0	frame 0<br>
:TX packets 0	bytes 0 (0.0 B)<br>
:TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
|}
5) 然后通过 '''hciconfig''' 命令可以看到 USB 的蓝牙设备<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''sudo apt update && sudo apt install bluez'''<br>
orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''hciconfig'''<br>
hci0:	Type: Primary	Bus: '''<span style="color:#FF0000">USB</span>'''<br>
:BD Address: 00:13:EF:F4:58:AE	ACL MTU: 820:8	SCO MTU: 255:16 <br>
:DOWN<br>
:RX bytes:1252 acl:0 sco:0 events:125 errors:0<br>
:TX bytes:23307 acl:0 sco:0 commands:125 errors:0
|}
6) 在桌面中也可以看到出现了蓝牙图标，此时蓝牙还未打开，所以会显示一个红色的 '''<span style="color:#FF0000">x</span>'''<br><br>
[[Image:Pi-5-details2-pic01.png]]<br><br>
7) 点击 '''Turn Bluetooth On''' 可以打开蓝牙<br><br>
[[Image:Pi-5-details2-pic02.png]]<br><br>
8) 打开蓝牙后的显示如下所示<br><br>
[[Image:Pi-5-details2-pic03.png]]<br><br>
9) 蓝牙的测试方法请参看<span style="color:#0066CC;">[[蓝牙使用方法 | 蓝牙使用方法]]</span>一节，这里不再赘述<br><br>

'''2、RTL8811 测试'''<br><br>
1) 首先将 RTL8811 无线网卡模块插入开发板的 USB 接口中<br><br>
2) 然后 linux 系统会自动加载 RTL8811 WIFI 相关的内核模块，通过 lsmod 命令可以看到下面内核模块已自动加载<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''lsmod'''<br>
<span style="margin-right: 150px;">Module</span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">Size </span><span style="margin-right: 45px;">Used by </span><br>
<span style="margin-right: 150px;">8821cu </span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">1839104 </span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">0</span><br>
|}
3) 通过 dmesg 命令可以看到 RTL8811 模块的加载信息<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''dmesg'''<br>
[	118.618194] usb 2-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-platform<br>
[	118.767152] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=c811, bcdDevice= 2.00<br>
[	118.767181] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 [	118.767199] usb 2-1: Product: 802.11ac NIC<br>
[	118.767219] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Realtek<br>
[	118.767235] usb 2-1: SerialNumber: 123456<br>
[	119.500530] usbcore: registered new interface driver rtl8821cu<br>
[       119.525498] rtl8821cu 2-1:1.0 wlx1cbfced9d260: renamed from wlan0
|}
4) 然后通过 '''sudo ifconfig''' 命令可以看到 WIFI 的设备节点，WIFI 的连接和测试方法请参看 <span style="color:#0066CC;">[[WIFI 连接测试 | WIFI 连接测试]]</span>一节，这里不再赘述<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''sudo ifconfig wlx1cbfced9d260'''<br>
wlx1cbfced9d260: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>	mtu 1500 <br>
:ether 1c:bf:ce:d9:d2:60	txqueuelen 1000	(Ethernet)<br>
:RX packets 0	bytes 0 (0.0 B)<br>
:RX errors 0	dropped 0	overruns 0	frame 0<br>
:TX packets 0	bytes 0 (0.0 B)
:TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0<br>
|}

'''3、RTL8821CU 测试'''<br><br>
1) 首先将 rtl8821cu 无线网卡模块插入开发板的 usb 接口中<br><br>
2) 然后使用 '''lsusb''' 命令就可以看到 rtl8821cu usb wifi 模块的设备信息，请确保 USB模块没有处于 Driver CDROM Mode<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|
orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''lsusb | grep "Realtek"'''<br>
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bda:c820 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. 802.11ac NIC
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;background-color:#ffffdc;"
|-
|
orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''lsusb | grep "Realtek"'''<br>
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0bda:1a2b Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8188GU 802.11n WLAN Adapter '''<span style="color:#0066CC;">(Driver CDROM Mode)</span>'''<br><br>

'''如果 lsusb 命令看到的 USB WIFI 模块处于 Driver CDROM Mode，请重新拔插下 USB WIFI 模块。如果还不行，请手动执行下面的命令切换下模式：'''<br><br>
orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''sudo usb_modeswitch -KW -v 0bda -p 1a2b'''
|}
3) linux 系统会自动加载 rtl8821cu 蓝牙和 wifi 相关的内核模块，通过 lsmod 命令可以看到下面内核模块已自动加载<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''lsmod'''<br>
<span style="margin-right: 150px;">Module</span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">Size </span><span style="margin-right: 45px;">Used by </span><br>
<span style="margin-right: 150px;">8821cu</span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">1839104 </span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">0</span><br>
<span style="margin-right: 140px;">rtk_btusb </span><span style="margin-right: 50px;">61440 </span><span style="margin-right: 30px;">0</span><br>
|}
4) 通过 dmesg 命令可以看到 rtl8821cu 模块的加载信息<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''dmesg'''<br>
......<br>
[	57.083693] usb 2-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-platform<br>
[	57.231888] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=1a2b, bcdDevice= 2.00<br>
[	57.231916] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0 [	57.231937] usb 2-1: Product: DISK<br>
[	57.242594] usb-storage 2-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected [	57.245674] scsi host0: usb-storage 2-1:1.0<br>
[	58.069172] usb 2-1: USB disconnect, device number 2<br>
[	58.440025] usb 2-1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci-platform<br>
[	58.587819] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=c820, bcdDevice= 2.00<br>
[	58.587827] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 [	58.587833] usb 2-1: Product: 802.11ac NIC<br>
[	58.587838] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Realtek<br>
[	58.587844] usb 2-1: SerialNumber: 123456<br>
[	58.610463]	rtk_btusb:	Realtek	Bluetooth	USB	driver	ver 3.1.6d45ddf.20220519-142432<br>
[	58.610656] usbcore: registered new interface driver rtk_btusb<br>
[	58.634631] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: examining hci_ver=08 hci_rev=000c lmp_ver=08 lmp_subver=8821<br>
[	58.636729] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: rom_version status=0 version=1 <br>
[	58.636740] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: loading rtl_bt/rtl8821c_fw.bin<br>
[	58.664190] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: loading rtl_bt/rtl8821c_config.bin <br>
[	58.664746] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: cfg_sz 10, total sz 31990<br>
[	59.122471] Bluetooth: hci0: RTL: fw version 0x829a7644<br>
[	59.265513] usbcore: registered new interface driver rtl8821cu<br>
[	59.280119] rtl8821cu 2-1:1.2 wlx90de80521825: renamed from wlan0
|}
5) 然后通过 '''sudo ifconfig''' 命令可以看到 rtl8821cu wifi 的设备节点，wifi 的连接和测试方法请参看 <span style="color:#0066CC;">[[WIFI 连接测试 | WIFI 连接测试]]</span>一节，这里不再赘述<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''sudo ifconfig wlx90de80521825'''<br>
wlx90de80521825: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>	mtu 1500<br>
:ether 00:13:ef:f4:58:ae	txqueuelen 1000	(Ethernet) <br>
:RX packets 0	bytes 0 (0.0 B)<br>
:RX errors 0	dropped 0	overruns 0	frame 0<br>
:TX packets 0	bytes 0 (0.0 B)<br>
:TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
|}
6) 然后通过 '''hciconfig''' 命令可以看到 USB 的蓝牙设备<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:800px;" 
|-
|orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y bluez'''<br>
orangepi@orangepi:~$ '''hciconfig'''<br>
hci0:	Type: Primary	Bus: '''<span style="color:#FF0000">USB</span>'''<br>
:BD Address: 00:13:EF:F4:58:AE	ACL MTU: 820:8	SCO MTU: 255:16 <br>
:DOWN<br>
:RX bytes:1252 acl:0 sco:0 events:125 errors:0<br>
:TX bytes:23307 acl:0 sco:0 commands:125 errors:0
|}
7) 在桌面中也可以看到出现了蓝牙图标，此时蓝牙还未打开，所以会显示一个红色的 '''<span style="color:#FF0000">x</span>'''<br><br>
[[Image:Pi-5-details2-pic04.png]]<br><br>
8) 点击 Turn Bluetooth On 可以打开蓝牙<br><br>
[[Image:Pi-5-details2-pic05.png]]<br><br>
9) 打开蓝牙后的显示如下所示<br><br>
[[Image:Pi-5-details2-pic06.png]]<br><br>
蓝牙的测试方法请参看<span style="color:#0066CC;">[[蓝牙使用方法 | 蓝牙使用方法]]</span>一节，这里不再赘述<br><br>