系统备份脚本---抛砖引玉，欢迎大家一起完善

无影

     这是本人学习shell编程的第一个小作品，制作的初衷：苦于每次备份系统都得整卡备份，备份和恢复都需要不少时间，而且备份出来的镜像不一定能刷到其他卡上，如16G卡备份无法刷到8G，甚至4G的卡上，于是就有此想法。
   由于新手，代码可能不严谨，效率也不高，这里权当抛砖引玉，希望各编程高手优化它，使它成为香橙派的一个工具。虽然不能像大神那样制作镜像，但也能让大家做出好用的镜像然后备份共享出来。
   原则上不是loboris的镜像，可以把u-boot_OPI.fex和boot0_OPI.fex两个文件拷入/boot下，把fs_resize（主要是用于扩展空间）放入/usr/local/bin加权限后，也可以使用脚本备份。
使用中有什么问题，可以联系我QQ147579532

1. #!/bin/sh
   
2. _DIR=$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd ) > /dev/null 2>&1
   
3. cd $_DIR
   
4. 
   
5. image_name=Orangepi_backup.img
   
6. 
   
7. p2_used=`df -h -m | sed -n '/mmcblk0p2/p' | awk '{print $3}' `
   
8. 
   
9. image_size=$(expr $p2_used + 450)
   
10. disk_used=$(expr $p2_used + 64)
    
11. loopdevice=/dev/loop9
    
12. mount_path=/media/Obackup
    
13. back_path=$_DIR/$image_name
    
14. 
    
15. if [ ! -f /boot/boot0_OPI.fex ]; then
    
16.     echo "Error: boot0_OPI.fex not found."
    
17.     exit 1
    
18. fi
    
19. 
    
20. if [ ! -f /boot/u-boot_OPI.fex ]; then
    
21.     echo "Error: u-boot_OPI.fex not found."
    
22.     exit 1
    
23. fi
    
24. 
    
25. sudo mkdir -p $mount_path
    
26. 
    
27. echo ""
    
28. echo "Intalling software ..."
    
29. sudo apt-get -y -q install dosfstools dump kpartx parted > /dev/null 2>&1
    
30. 
    
31. echo ""
    
32. echo -e "The system has already used ($disk_used)MB.\nWe are going to create ($image_size)MB blank image for backup ..."
    
33. 
    
34. sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=$image_name bs=1MB count=$image_size > /dev/null 2>&1
    
35. losetup $loopdevice $image_name  > /dev/null 2>&1
    
36. 
    
37. echo ""
    
38. echo "Fdisking image  ..."
    
39. echo -e "o\nw" | fdisk ${loopdevice} > /dev/null 2>&1
    
40. 
    
41. sudo parted ${loopdevice}  --script -- mklabel msdos
    
42. sudo parted ${loopdevice}  --script -- mkpart primary fat32 40960s 172031s
    
43. sudo parted ${loopdevice}  --script -- mkpart primary ext4 172032s -1
    
44. partprobe -s ${loopdevice} > /dev/null 2>&1
    
45. 
    
46. sleep 1
    
47. 
    
48. sudo losetup -d ${loopdevice}
    
49. losetup ${loopdevice} $image_name > /dev/null 2>&1
    
50. 
    
51. device=`sudo kpartx -va $loopdevice | sed -E 's/.*(loop[0-9])p.*/\1/g' | head -n 1` > /dev/null 2>&1
    
52. device="/dev/mapper/${device}"
    
53. partBoot="${device}p1"
    
54. partRoot="${device}p2"
    
55. 
    
56. sleep 3
    
57. echo ""
    
58. echo "Formating fat partition ..."
    
59. mkfs.vfat -n BOOT ${partBoot} > /dev/null 2>&1
    
60. echo "fat partition formated."
    
61. 
    
62. sleep 1
    
63. 
    
64. echo ""
    
65. echo "Formating linux partition (ext4), please wait ..."
    
66. mkfs.ext4 -L linux ${partRoot} > /dev/null 2>&1
    
67. if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    
68.    echo "ERROR formating ext4 partition."
    
69.    sudo kpartx -d ${loopdevice}
    
70.    sudo losetup -d ${loopdevice}
    
71.    exit 1
    
72. fi
    
73. echo "linux partition formated."
    
74. 
    
75. echo ""
    
76. echo "Instaling u-boot to Image ..."
    
77. dd if=/boot/boot0_OPI.fex of=${loopdevice} bs=1k seek=8 > /dev/null 2>&1
    
78. if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    
79.     echo "ERROR installing boot0."
    
80.     sudo kpartx -d ${loopdevice}
    
81.     sudo losetup -d ${loopdevice}
    
82.     exit 1
    
83. fi
    
84. 
    
85. dd if=/boot/u-boot_OPI.fex of=${loopdevice} bs=1k seek=16400 > /dev/null 2>&1
    
86. if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    
87.    echo "ERROR installing u-boot."
    
88.    sudo kpartx -d ${loopdevice}
    
89.    sudo losetup -d ${loopdevice}
    
90.    exit 0
    
91. 
    
92. fi
    
93. 
    
94. echo "Backuping system file to image ..."
    
95. sudo mount $partBoot $mount_path/
    
96. sudo cp -rfp /media/boot/* $mount_path
    
97. sleep 1
    
98. sudo umount $mount_path
    
99. 
    
100. sudo mount -t ext4 $partRoot $mount_path/
     
101. cd $mount_path
     
102. sudo dump -0uaf - / | sudo restore -rf -
     
103. if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
     
104.     echo "  ERROR backuping system file."
     
105.     sudo umount $mount_path/
     
106.     sudo kpartx -d ${loopdevice}
     
107.     sudo losetup -d ${loopdevice}
     
108.     exit 1
     
109. fi
     
110. 
     
111. sleep 1
     
112. 
     
113. cat > $mount_path/usr/local/bin/fs_resize_warning << _EOF_
     
114. #!/bin/sh
     
115. echo -e "\033[31m\033[1m****************************************"
     
116. echo -e "WARNING: TO RESIZE FILESYSTEM RUN:"
     
117. echo -e "sudo fs_resize"
     
118. echo -e "to remove this message run:"
     
119. echo -e "sudo rm /usr/local/bin/fs_resize_warning"
     
120. echo -e "*******************************************************\033[22m\033[37m"
     
121. setterm -default
     
122. _EOF_
     
123. 
     
124. cd
     
125. sudo umount $mount_path/
     
126. sudo rm -r /media/$mount_path > /dev/null 2>&1
     
127. sudo kpartx -d ${loopdevice}
     
128. sudo losetup -d ${loopdevice}
     
129. 
     
130. echo "Backup complete! image path: $back_path"
     

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